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用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)制成的显微照片:粉煤灰颗粒放大2,000倍。该气溶胶中的大多数颗粒接近球形。
气溶胶被定义为固体或液体颗粒在气体中的悬浮系统。气溶胶既包含微粒,也包含悬浮气体,通常为空气。[1]弗雷德里克·唐南(Frederick G. Donnan)大概是在第一次世界大战期间首次使用气溶胶来描述一种空气溶液,即空气中的微小颗粒云。该术语类似于术语水溶胶,即以水为分散介质的胶体体系。[4]初级气溶胶中含有直接引入气体中的颗粒。二次气溶胶通过气体到颗粒的转化而形成。[5]
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